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目的了解海南省琼中县中小学学生血清维生素A水平,为该县相应人群维生素A缺乏的防治提供实验依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法,抽取琼中县2所小学和2所初中学校,每个学校各年级一个班的学生为研究对象,采用高效液相色谱法检测其血清视黄醇含量。结果 1)共检测561例,琼中县中小学学生血清视黄醇平均水平为(360.36±91.39)ng/mL,且血清视黄醇平均水平在男、女生间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但其随年龄的增长而升高(P<0.05)。2)维生素A缺乏率(≤200ng/mL)为2.0%,边缘缺乏率(200~300ng/mL)为22.3%,两者性别差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但边缘缺乏率随着年龄的增长总体呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。结论琼中县中小学学生维生素A缺乏率较低,但边缘缺乏率较高,应注意监测,且该地区维生素A缺乏重点防治对象为6~7岁的学生。
Objective To understand the serum vitamin A level of primary and secondary school students in Qiongzhong County of Hainan Province and provide experimental evidence for the prevention and treatment of vitamin A deficiency in the corresponding population in this county. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to extract serum retinol content from 2 primary schools and 2 junior middle schools in Qiongzhong County and one class in each grade for each school. Results 1) A total of 561 cases were detected. The average level of serum retinol in primary and secondary school students in Qiongzhong County was (360.36 ± 91.39) ng / mL, and the average level of serum retinol in boys and girls was not statistically significant (P> 0.05), but it increased with age (P <0.05). 2) The rate of vitamin A deficiency (≤200ng / mL) was 2.0% and the rate of margin deficiency (200-300ng / mL) was 22.3%. There was no significant difference in gender between the two groups (P> 0.05) The overall increase of age showed a decreasing trend (P <0.05). Conclusions Primary and secondary school students in Qiongzhong County have a low rate of vitamin A deficiency but a high rate of marginal deficiency. Monitoring should be paid in this regard. Primary prevention and control of vitamin A deficiency in this area is for students aged 6 to 7 years.