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目的调查厦门市肾综合征出血热(HFRS,出血热),出血热宿主动物及其自然感染汉坦病毒状况,明确主要传染源种类,为预防和控制出血热提供科学依据。方法应用笼夜法捕鼠,计算鼠密度及鼠种构成,对鼠肺检测出血热病毒抗原,血清检测抗体。结果 2008-2009年厦门市鼠形动物总捕获率为8.02%,属于2目2科6种,以褐家鼠(45.14%)为优势种。宿主动物血清阳性率为13.45%,褐家鼠血清阳性率为21.52%;宿主动物带毒率为2.52%,带毒指数为0.037 77。宿主动物带毒率调查阳性均为褐家鼠,全市褐家鼠带毒率为2.63%,此次监测结果与厦门市20世纪80年代宿主动物调查结果无差别(P>0.05)。结论厦门市存在以褐家鼠为主要传染源的出血热疫源地,提示应根据褐家鼠的生态特点采取有针对性的综合防控措施,有效控制以褐家鼠为主的鼠密度,降低出血热发生和流行的危险。
Objective To investigate the status of Hantaan virus (HFRS) and haemorrhagic fever with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hemorrhagic fever (HFRS) in Xiamen and its natural infection, to identify the main types of infectious agents and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hemorrhagic fever. Methods Cage method was used to catch mice, the density of mice was calculated, and the mouse species were determined. Hemorrhagic fever virus antigens and serum antibodies were detected in rat lungs. Results The total capture rate of rat was 8.02% in 2008-2009, belonging to 2 orders, 2 families and 6 species. The dominant species was Rattus norvegicus (45.14%). The seroprevalence of host animal was 13.45%, that of brown rat was 21.52%, that of host animal was 2.52%, and that of poisonous index was 0.03777. The positive rates of host animals were all Rattus norvegicus. The infection rate of Rattus norvegicus in the whole city was 2.63%. There was no difference between this monitoring result and the survey of host animals in Xiamen in the 1980s (P> 0.05). Conclusion There is epidemic foci of haemorrhagic fever with Rattus norvegicus as the main source of infection in Xiamen City. It is suggested that the comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken according to the ecological characteristics of Rattus norvegicus to effectively control the rodent density of Rattus norvegicus. Reduce the risk of haemorrhagic fever and epidemics.