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目的分析乌鲁木齐市2013-2015年疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)发生情况,评价监测系统运行情况和疫苗的安全性。方法收集乌鲁木齐市2013-2015年全国AEFI网络报告系统监测病例,对AEFI病例的分布情况及相关指标进行比较分析。结果 2013-2015年乌鲁木齐市共报告AEFI病例4 898例,各年AEFI报告发生率分别为105.21/10万、128.48/10万、173.24/10万。一类疫苗和二类疫苗的不良反应报告发生率分别为140.49/10万和117.82/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=411.238,P<0.05)。AEFI监测报告主要集中于天山区、沙依巴克区和高新区。<3岁组的报告例数>72%。一般反应中,发热占48.73%;异常反应中,主要为无菌性脓肿和过敏性皮疹。AEFI报告涉及23种疫苗,各类疫苗AEFI报告率在4.71/10万~372.66/10万之间。结论疫苗AEFI发生率均较低,一类疫苗和二类疫苗的使用均安全;AEFI监测系统运转平稳正常,还需要提高AEFI报告的敏感性和利用率。
Objective To analyze the occurrence of suspected AEFI in Urumqi from 2013 to 2015 and evaluate the operation of the surveillance system and the safety of the vaccine. Methods The national AEFI network reporting system monitoring cases collected from 2013 to 2015 in Urumqi were collected. The distribution of AEFI cases and related indicators were compared and analyzed. Results A total of 4 898 cases of AEFI were reported in Urumqi from 2013 to 2015. The incidences of AEFI in each year were 105.21 / 100000, 128.48 / 100000, 173.24 / 100000 respectively. The incidences of adverse reactions of one kind of vaccine and two kinds of vaccines were 140.49 / 100000 and 117.82 / 100000 respectively, with significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 411.238, P <0.05). The AEFI monitoring report mainly focuses on Tianshan, Shayibake and Hi-tech Zone. The number of reported cases in the 3-year-old group was> 72%. In general reactions, fever accounted for 48.73%; abnormal reaction, mainly aseptic abscesses and allergic skin rashes. AEFI report covers 23 kinds of vaccines, various types of vaccines AEFI reported rate of 4.71 / 100,000 to 372.66 / 100,000. Conclusion The incidence of AEFI vaccine is low, and the safety of both the first and second vaccines is safe. The AEFI monitoring system is stable and normal, and the sensitivity and utilization of AEFI report need to be improved.