沈从文的长篇小说《边城》和《长河》分别体现出了其不同的叙事构型。《长河》一向被认为是更近于现实的小说,观念层面的伦理忧虑,落笔却体现为对社会权力关系的揭示,而从整体则可见出制度文化土壤的缺失所带来的想象限制。《边城》则是一个典型的筑造世界的小说,在一个假定性条件之下,以一种直接从人生中分化出来的“生命哲学”为基础,以对“普遍生命”及自然图景的呈现为前提,建构了这样一个以诗性人性和人生为核心的象征世界。 Shen Congwen’s novel “Border Town” and “The Long River” respectively show their different narrative configurations. The “long river” has always been regarded as a novel closer to reality. Ethical worries at the conceptual level are reflected in the disclosure of social power relations. From the whole, we can see the imagination limitation caused by the lack of institutional culture soil. Based on a hypothetical condition, “Border Town” is a typical world-building novel based on a “philosophy of life” that has been directly differentiated from human life. Based on “universal life” and As a prerequisite for the appearance of natural scenery, this symbolic world centered on poetic humanity and life is constructed.