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地点:西班牙加利西亚省目的:描述1996—2005年间,加利西亚省10年的结核病流行病学进展及特点。设计:利用加利西亚省结核病登记中心的数据进行的一项描述性和观察性的回顾性研究。结果:加利西亚省的结核病发病率从1996年的72.3/10万下降至2005年的37.7/10万,平均年递降率为7.0%。2005年,51.6%的结核病患者年龄在15～44岁之间,61.6%为男性,59.2%为单纯性肺结核。在肺结核患者中,63.4%未发现空洞病变,50.3%为痰涂片阳性,77.3%为培养阳性。4.4%的结核病患者感染了HIV,3.5%为吸毒者,3%为移民。将80%的痰涂片阳性病人作为指示病例,对其至少1名接触者进行了筛查。治疗成功率接近90%。结论:自结核病控制规划实施以来,加利西亚省的结核年发病率逐步下降,但仍然高于西班牙的其他地区及周边国家,结核病控制工作还需进一步加强。
Location: Galicia, Spain Purpose: To describe the 10-year epidemiological progress and characteristics of tuberculosis in Galicia from 1996 to 2005. Design: A descriptive and observational retrospective study using data from the Galician Provincial TB Registry. Results: The incidence of tuberculosis in Galicia dropped from 72.3 / 100 000 in 1996 to 37.7 / 100 000 in 2005 with an average annual rate of decline of 7.0%. In 2005, 51.6% of TB patients were between 15 and 44 years old, 61.6% were male and 59.2% were simple tuberculosis. In tuberculosis patients, no lesions were found in 63.4% of the patients, 50.3% were sputum smear positive and 77.3% were culture positive. 4.4% of TB patients were infected with HIV, 3.5% were drug users and 3% were immigrants. Eighty percent of sputum smear-positive patients were used as an indication and at least one contact was screened. The success rate of treatment is close to 90%. Conclusion: Since the implementation of TB control program, the incidence of tuberculosis in Galicia province has gradually declined, but it is still higher than that in other parts of Spain and neighboring countries. Tuberculosis control needs to be further strengthened.