目的观察重组人白细胞介素-11(rhIL-11)治疗非髓性恶性血液病化疗引起的血小板减少的疗效。方法患者36例随机分为试验组、对照组。试验组化疗后48h给予rhIL-11,对照组常规治疗。结果出血症状发生率试验组42.1%,对照组64.7%。化疗后血小板最低值范围试验组(10￣67)×109/L,对照组(6￣53)×109/L。输注机采血小板对照组平均每例1.53U,试验组2.59U。化疗后第14天检查骨髓象,试验组巨核细胞14(4～36)个,对照组8(0～30)个。结论rhIL-11能减轻非髓性恶性血液病化疗后血小板下降程度,加速血小板恢复。 Objective To observe the effect of recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11) on chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia of non-myeloid hematologic malignancies. Methods Thirty-six patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group given rhIL-11 48h after chemotherapy, the control group conventional treatment. Results The incidence of bleeding symptoms was 42.1% in the experimental group and 64.7% in the control group. The lowest platelet count after chemotherapy in the experimental group (10 ~ 67) × 109 / L, control group (6 ~ 53) × 109 / L. Infusion machine platelet control group an average of 1.53U each, the experimental group 2.59U. On the 14th day after chemotherapy, the bone marrow was examined. In the experimental group, 14 (4 to 36) megakaryocytes and 8 (0 to 30) in the control group were detected. Conclusion rhIL-11 can reduce the degree of thrombocytopenia and accelerate the recovery of platelets in non-myeloid malignant hematological diseases after chemotherapy.