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寻求与当地自然条件和农业经济水平相适应的土地开垦及其合理利用方式,是我国南方涝渍地域面临的一个重要问题.选择江汉平原四湖地区一个由湖泊垦殖形成的碟形微域作为研究对象,借助对该地区进行综合开发的契机,对其生态学特点、开发模式等进行了重新探讨.结果表明,该地区随地面高程的梯级递变,土壤类型、剖面结构、土壤水分和土壤温度动态变化等方面存在明显的梯级分异特征,总体上可分成5个梯级.根据对该梯级分异的具体面积和位置的分析,该地区存在水稻面积过大,低湖地区资源利用不合理,水旱轮作地区农田整治水平低,利用不充分等问题.通过对其进行工程整治,将原有的5个梯级归并成4个梯级;在此基础上开展以农业综合开发和优化农作制度为主要内容的“梯级开发”,使该地区的农业经营效益得到大幅度提高.
Seeking land reclamation and its rational utilization in accordance with local natural conditions and agricultural economic level is an important issue facing waterlogged areas in southern China.Discovered a dish-shaped micro-domain formed by lake reclamation in the four-lake area of Jianghan Plain And re-explored its ecological characteristics and development mode with the aid of the opportunity of comprehensive development in this area.The results showed that the variation of the soil type, the section structure, the soil moisture and the soil temperature Dynamic change and so on, there are obvious cascade differentiation features, which can be divided into five steps.According to the analysis of the specific area and location of the cascade differentiation, the area of rice is too large, the utilization of resources in the low lake is unreasonable, In the area of irrigated and dry land, the farmland reclamation level is low and the utilization is inadequate, etc. Through the reorganization of the project, the original 5 steps are merged into 4 steps. On this basis, the comprehensive agricultural development and optimization of farming system are carried out as The main content of “cascade development”, so that the benefits of agricultural operations in the region have been greatly improved.