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本文尝试在形式语义学的背景下,将汉语中的语义指向问题和焦点理论结合起来,引入焦点解释理论对“只”字句的语义歧指进行个案分析。“只”作为焦点敏感算子,其语义会与辖域内的焦点相关联,从而指向其辖域内的焦点成分。根据Rooth的选项语义学理论,“只”字句中焦点关联效应产生的机制为:“只”字句的焦点解释限制了焦点敏感算子“只”的量化域,因此随着其辖域内焦点位置的不同,“只”的量化域的语义值也随着变化,从而造成句子真值条件的不同,即句子不同的语义解释,这是“只”字句语义歧指形成的深层原因。最后,文章提出将此分析推广到汉语中其他的焦点敏感算子的假设。
In the context of formal semantics, this paper attempts to combine the problem of semantic orientation in Chinese with the theory of focus and introduce the theory of focus interpretation to analyze the semantic differences of the “” ’s only. “ According to Rooth’s semantics of option semantics, the mechanism of focus-related effects in ”only “ sentences is that the focus interpretation of ”only “ clause limits the quantized domain of the focus sensitive operator ”only “, The focus of the region within its different positions, ”only " the semantic value of the quantization domain also changes with the change, resulting in different conditions of the sentence truth, that is, different semantic interpretation of the sentence, which is Refers to the underlying cause of formation. Finally, the article proposes the assumption of extending this analysis to other focus-sensitive operators in Chinese.