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目的了解贵州省中等职业学校学生非医疗目的用药现状及其影响因素,为指导学生科学就医、合理用药提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取贵州省3 073名职业中学学生,采用自评式问卷调查用药情况。结果职业中学学生非医疗目的用药报告率为11.88%。职中学生用药报告率不同性别、民族、年级、是否住校、吸烟、饮酒、每月零花钱、自杀意念、学习压力、家庭经济状况间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。二分类Logistic回归分析显示,住校(OR=1.768,95%CI=1.214~2.576)、每月零花钱≥500元(OR=2.407,95%CI=1.520~3.813)、吸烟(OR=1.676,95%CI=1.252~2.243)、有自杀意念(OR=1.709,95%CI=1.257~2.324)、家庭经济困难(OR=4.119,95%CI=1.150~14.750)或中等(OR=4.149,95%CI=1.238~13.907)是学生用药的危险因素,职中二年级(OR=0.448,95%CI=0.334~0.602)是学生用药的保护因素。结论职业中学学生非医疗目的用药报告率相对较高,应加强对职中学生进行安全用药健康教育。
Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of non-medical purpose medication for secondary vocational school students in Guizhou Province and provide reference for guiding students to seek medical treatment and rational use of medicine. Methods A multistage stratified stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 3 073 vocational school students in Guizhou Province. The self-rated questionnaires were used to investigate the medication status. Results Occupational high school students non-medical purpose medication reported rate of 11.88%. The reported rates of drug abuse among vocational and secondary school students were statistically significant (P <0.05), with different gender, nationality, grade, schooling, smoking, alcohol consumption, monthly pocket money, suicidal ideation, study pressure and family economic status. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that school-stay (OR = 1.768, 95% CI = 1.214-2.576), monthly pocket money ≥500 yuan (OR = 2.407,95% CI 1.520-3.813), smoking (OR 1.676, (OR = 4.119, 95% CI = 1.150 ~ 14.750) or moderate (OR = 4.149, 95% CI = 1.252 ~ 2.243) % CI = 1.238 ~ 13.907) were the risk factors for students ’medication. The second grade of senior high school (OR = 0.448, 95% CI = 0.334-0.602) was the protective factor of the students’ medication. Conclusion The reported rate of non-medical purpose medication in occupational high school students is relatively high. Health education for safe drug use should be strengthened for vocational school students.