吗啡对免疫系统有广泛的抑制作用,不同浓度、急性与慢性抑制略有区别,且表现出脱敏感与耐受/依赖性。吗啡既可直接作用于免疫细胞上的阿片受体又可作用于中枢阿片受体通过神经-内分泌-免疫网络发挥其抑制作用,其分子机制涉及细胞内信号传导及DNA转录。研究吗啡的免疫抑制机制有重要的临床意义。 Morphine has a wide range of inhibitory effects on the immune system, with different concentrations, a slight difference between acute and chronic inhibition, and desensitization and tolerance / dependence. Morphine can act both directly on the opioid receptors on immune cells and on the central opioid receptors to exert its inhibitory effect through the neuro-endocrine-immune network, whose molecular mechanisms involve intracellular signaling and DNA transcription. To study the immunosuppressive mechanism of morphine has important clinical significance.