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完全竞争市场中的人被假定拥有充分的信息和处理信息的能力 ,因此 ,价格被假定只需包含供求均衡与否的信息 ,市场出清只需价格与供求的相互作用就可以实现。现实的市场是不完全竞争的 ,信息变化的偶然性、主体知识的有限性、机会主义与道德风险导致了不完全信息 ,导致了价格信息的非真实性 ,使得价格和供求的相互作用不再能使市场出清。卖主的控价行为等 ,不能消除信息不完全 ,但可减少不完全竞争中的效率损失 ,有助于配合价格机制建设高效率的不完全竞争市场模型
People in a perfectly competitive market are assumed to have sufficient information and the ability to process information. Therefore, the price is assumed to contain only information on the balance of supply and demand. Market clearing can only be achieved if the price interacts with supply and demand. The actual market is not completely competitive. The contingency of information changes, the limitedness of subject knowledge, and the opportunism and moral hazard lead to incomplete information, which leads to the non-reality of price information and makes the interaction between price and supply and demand no longer possible. Make the market clear. The seller’s price control behavior, etc., cannot eliminate incomplete information, but it can reduce the efficiency loss in imperfect competition and help to build a highly efficient imperfectly competitive market model in line with the price mechanism.