浇铸钢铸件时,钢水由液体状态冷却到常温固体状态,其体积发生三种浇铸收缩变化,即液体收缩、凝固收缩和固体收缩。铸件在收缩过程中要受到三种阻力:(1)铸型阻力(或称机械收缩阻力),这是铸件在砂型中收缩时,受到坭心、砂型或箱带以及 When casting steel castings, the molten steel is cooled from a liquid state to a solid state at a normal temperature, and three shrinkage changes occur in the volume of the molten steel, namely liquid shrinkage, solidification shrinkage and solid shrinkage. Casting shrinkage process to be subjected to three kinds of resistance: (1) mold resistance (or mechanical resistance to shrinkage), which is cast in the sand when the contraction by the heart, sand or box with and