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目的:了解宝鸡地区无偿献血人群结构及不合格构成比,为制定招募安全血源的策略提供依据。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法,对2009-2014年宝鸡地区不同人群无偿献血者血液中HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV/HIV-P24和抗-TP 4项传染病指标进行检测。结果:在全部人群中4项传染病指标中抗-HCV的阳性率最高1.07%;抗-HIV/HIV-P24呈下降的趋势,但确认阳性人数逐年增加;参与献血的男女比例为1.76∶1.00,女性明显少于男性;不同职业人群中除去不明确职业组,农民组阳性检出率(HBsAg 1.03%,抗-HCV 0.97%,抗-HIV/HIV-P 24 0.41%,抗-TP 1.15%)高于其他类职业;低学历组人群中除HBsAg外其余各项阳性率高于其他组。结论:宝鸡地区献血人群结构中农民及低学历人群占比较大,检测阳性率较高,针对该人群制定科学合理的无偿献血招募策略,宣传传染病防治知识的健康教育,可从源头上降低传染病经输血传播的风险。
Objective: To understand the structure of unpaid blood donors and the composition ratio of unqualified blood donors in Baoji area, so as to provide the basis for the strategy of recruiting safe blood sources. Methods: Four indicators of HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV / HIV-P24 and anti-TP in blood were collected from blood donors in different areas from 2009 to 2014 in Baoji area by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) . Results: The positive rate of anti-HCV in the four infectious diseases was 1.07% in the whole population. The anti-HIV / HIV-P24 showed a decreasing trend, but the number of confirmed positive people increased year by year. The ratio of male to female who participated in blood donation was 1.76:1.00 . The positive rate of HBsAg was 1.03%, anti-HCV 0.97%, anti-HIV / HIV-P 24 0.41% and anti-TP 1.15% respectively in different occupational groups. ) Higher than other types of occupations; low education group except HBsAg other positive rate than the other groups. Conclusion: The proportion of peasants and low-educated population in Baoji donation population structure is relatively large, and the detection rate is high. To develop a scientific and reasonable voluntary blood donation and recruitment strategy for this population and publicize the health education of infectious disease prevention and control can reduce the infection from the source The risk of transmission of blood transfusions.