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目的:通过调查乌鲁木齐地区2000例正常孕妇在不同孕期的膳食结构,进行营养状况分析,以降低孕产期母儿并发症,保障母婴健康。方法:选取2014年3月至2014年10月在乌鲁木齐妇幼保健医院产科门诊就诊的不同孕期妊娠妇女2000例进行24h膳食回顾调查,并与CBDP和DRIs标准进行比较做出综合评价。结果:乌鲁木齐市汉族孕妇孕中、晚期热量摄入不足,在孕早、中期脂肪的供热比略低,碳水化合物略高;营养素的摄入情况为,VA、核黄素、VB6、叶酸和钙的摄入量不足;铁、碘及孕早中期的VC、VE、锌呈边缘不足;孕末期烟酸、VC、VE、锌的摄入充足。结论:各孕期孕妇的膳食结构不合理,营养素的摄入情况还有不足。孕妇健康教育亟待加强,合理调整和指导孕期膳食结构,是医务工作者必须重视的工作。
Objective: To investigate the nutritional status of 2000 normal pregnant women in different stages of pregnancy in Urumqi to reduce maternal and child complications during pregnancy and maternal and child health. Methods: From March 2014 to October 2014, 2000 pregnant women with different gestational ages in maternity clinics of Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital were enrolled in the retrospective investigation of 24 hours and compared with CBDP and DRIs standards to make a comprehensive evaluation. Results: In the early and middle stages of pregnancy, the pregnant women in Urumqi had inadequate intake of calories in the early and middle stages, while the heating rate of fat was slightly lower and the carbohydrate slightly higher in the early and middle stages of pregnancy. The intake of nutrients was VA, riboflavin, VB6, folic acid and Calcium, inadequate intake of iron, iodine and early and middle pregnancy VC, VE, zinc was marginal; end of the nicotinic acid, VC, VE, zinc intake adequate. Conclusion: The pregnant women ’s diet structure in each pregnancy is irrational, and the intake of nutrients is not enough. The health education of pregnant women urgently needs to be strengthened. The rational adjustment and guidance of the dietary structure during pregnancy are the tasks that medical workers must pay attention to.