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为优化湘西烟区烟田水肥管理技术,提高烤烟产量、品质及水肥利用效率,2007—2008年在湘西自治州烟草研究所,以烤烟品种云烟87为材料,采用裂区试验研究了灌水和钾肥用量对烤烟产量和品质的影响。结果表明,随钾肥用量增加,烟叶产量、产值和上等烟比例都有增大的趋势,灌水和增大钾肥用量都可以不同程度提高烟叶产量、产值和上等烟比例,以施钾的效应较为明显,灌水和施钾对提高烟叶上等烟比例有明显的互作效应。回归分析结果显示,烤烟产量、产值和上等烟比例的钾肥效应模型均为呈二次曲线,说明在钾肥用量较高时,肥料的增产增质效应趋于降低。从不同钾用量处理烟叶经济性状、化学成分和评吸质量综合分析,湘西烤烟适宜的钾肥用量为240kg/hm2。
In order to optimize the technology of water and fertilizer management of tobacco fields in the west of Hunan province and improve the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco and the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization, from 2007 to 2008, the flue-cured tobacco Yunfu 87 was used as the material in the tobacco research institute of Xiangxi Autonomous Region. Effect on the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that with the increase of K application rate, the yield and output value of tobacco and the proportion of superior tobacco tended to increase. Irrigation and increasing the amount of K fertilizer all increased the yield, Obviously, irrigation and potassium application have obvious interaction effects on increasing the proportion of superior tobacco in tobacco leaves. The results of regression analysis showed that the model of potash fertilizer yield, output value and superior tobacco ratio were quadratic curve, indicating that the fertilizer yield increasing and quality enhancing effect tends to decrease when the potassium fertilizer dosage is higher. From the comprehensive analysis of economic traits, chemical compositions and smoking quality of tobacco with different K content, the suitable K fertilizer amount for Flue-cured tobacco in Xiangxi was 240 kg / hm2.