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现行公路桥涵设计通用规范中线性土压力理论未能准确反映沟埋式涵洞涵顶垂直土压力变化规律,土压力计算结果与实际情况存在差异,导致涵洞在施工或使用过程中出现不同程度的病害。结合现场试验和数值模拟研究了沟埋式涵洞垂直土压力的变化规律,以及涵顶填土内部的土拱效应,分析了涵顶平面土压力及不均匀沉降的分布规律。研究结果表明,并非所有沟埋式涵洞涵顶垂直土压力都小于按线性土压力理论计算结果,它与填土高度、沟谷宽度、沟谷坡角、涵洞几何尺寸、填料性质及地基刚度等因素有关,涵顶垂直土压力随各影响因素呈非线性变化。填土达到一定高度后,涵顶填土内部产生土拱效应,该效应能够缓解涵顶应力集中现象,但其具有不稳定性。沟埋式涵洞的设计与施工应综合考虑各因素对涵洞受力状态的影响。
The current theory of linear earth pressure in the general design criteria for highway bridges and culverts fails to accurately reflect the variation law of vertical earth pressure at the culvert culvert in buried culverts. The calculated results of soil pressure differ from the actual situation, resulting in different degrees of disease during the construction or use of culverts . The field test and numerical simulation are used to study the variation law of vertical earth pressure in buried culvert culvert and the soil arching effect inside the culvert fill. The distribution of soil pressure and uneven settlement on the culvert surface is analyzed. The results show that not all buried culvert culvert vertical earth pressures are less than those calculated according to linear earth pressure theory. It is related to fill height, valley width, valley angle, culvert geometry, packing properties and foundation stiffness The vertical soil pressure at the culvert varies nonlinearly with all influencing factors. After the filling reaches a certain height, soil arching effect is generated inside the culvert fill. This effect can relieve the stress concentration in the culvert but has instability. The design and construction of buried culvert should consider the influence of various factors on the state of culvert stress.