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同为20世纪著名的哲学家、小说家和公共知识分子,安·兰德与萨特的哲学思想之间存在不可忽略的可比性。如两者都强调个人意志、生命意志以及自由意志等。但是从本质上而言,兰德强调“客观”的客观主义哲学与萨特强调“主观”的存在主义哲学在具体哲学观念上有很大的分歧。具体表现为,在本体论与认识论上,前者强调存在的实体性,意识(理性)反映存在的被动性,后者强调存在的自在性和自为性,以及意识作为自为存在的主动性;前者强调自由的理性本质、绝对性以及目的性,后者强调自由的非本质性、处境以及非目的性;前者强调自我与他人的无冲突论、人只对自己负责,后者强调人总是处于与他人的关系中,人不光要为自己的选择负责,还要对他人的选择负责。
As well as the famous philosopher, novelist and public intellectual in the 20th century, Ann Rand and Sartre’s philosophical ideas are not negligible. Both emphasize personal will, life will and free will. However, in essence, Rand emphasizes that there is great disagreement on the specific philosophical concepts between the “objective” philosophy of objectivism and Sartre’s existentialist philosophy of “subjective”. The concrete manifestation is that in the ontology and epistemology, the former emphasizes the existence entity and the consciousness (rationality) reflects the existence passiveness, while the latter emphasizes the existence and self-existence of existence and the initiative of self-existence as consciousness. The former emphasizes the rational nature, absoluteness and purpose of freedom. The latter emphasizes the nonessential nature, the situation and the non-goal of freedom. The former emphasizes that there is no conflict theory between self and others, and people are only responsible for themselves. The latter emphasizes that people always In relationships with others, people are not only responsible for their choices, but also responsible for others’ choices.