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目的对天津市内6区社区居民的2周患病及就诊情况进行流行病学调查,为合理配置卫生资源,有效开展社区卫生服务提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法获取研究样本人群,利用自制问卷和必要的体格检查对社区居民进行入户调查。结果社区居民2周患病率为33.21%,男性为31.88%,女性为34.45%;2周患病病种前5位依次是高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、上呼吸道感染和脑血管病,较2008年第4次天津卫生服务调查结果略有变化;患病者2周就诊率为85.00%,前3位未就诊原因为自觉病情减轻、经济困难和没时间。结论慢性病已成为影响天津市社区居民健康的主要问题;市区居民卫生服务需求量较高,基层医疗卫生体系的服务能力亟待加强。
Objective To carry out epidemiological investigation on the two-week prevalence and treatment of community residents in six districts in Tianjin, and to provide a reference for the rational allocation of health resources and the effective development of community health services. Methods The multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to obtain the sample population. The questionnaires were used to carry out household surveys with the necessary physical examination. Results The prevalence of community residents for 2 weeks was 33.21%, 31.88% for males and 34.45% for females. The top 5 in the 2 weeks were hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, upper respiratory tract infection and cerebrovascular disease. In 2008, the results of the fourth survey of Tianjin’s health care services changed slightly. The prevalence rate of 2-week visit was 85.00%. The first three reasons for not attending were the relief from illness, the economic difficulties and the lack of time. Conclusion Chronic diseases have become the main problems that affect the health of community residents in Tianjin. The demand of urban residents for health services is high, and the service capability of primary health care system needs to be strengthened.