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遗传资源蕴涵的巨大经济价值引发权属之争,遗传资源的归属在国际上仍有争议。解决权属之争要理清的核心问题是:拥有遗传资源意味着什么、如何确定遗传资源的归属,以及多个主体怎样同时拥有遗传资源。遗传资源的价值在于遗传信息,拥有遗传资源不同于拥有遗传材料,拥有生物品种者拥有遗传资源;除法律另有规定外,驯化品种的遗传资源归驯化人所有,野生品种的遗传资源归生物自然栖息地的所有人或使用人享有。多人可以共有遗传资源。国家有权事先审查遗传资源的获取是否侵犯了遗传资源所有人的权利、是否损害了国家公共利益。
The huge economic value implied by genetic resources triggers the dispute of ownership. The ownership of genetic resources is still controversial internationally. The key questions to be resolved are: what it means to own a genetic resource, how to determine the ownership of a genetic resource, and how multiple entities have both the genetic resources. The value of genetic resources rests with genetic information, with the genetic resources being different from the genetic resources with genetic material, and those with biological species owning genetic resources; genetic resources of domesticated species are owned by domesticated persons except where otherwise provided by law, and the genetic resources of wild species are naturally Habitat owner or user enjoy. Many people can share genetic resources. The state has the right to examine in advance whether the access to genetic resources violates the rights of the owner of the genetic resources and whether it harms the national public interest.