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目的分析2010年深圳市宝安区霍乱、流行性感冒、急性出血性结膜炎、手足口病、水痘及支原体肺炎暴发疫情的流行病学特征。方法收集2010年深圳市宝安区上述6种传染病暴发的流行病学资料,采用描述性研究方法进行分析。结果 2010年深圳市宝安区共报告暴发疫情24起,病例数1 522例(男1 006例,女516例),罹患率2.47%;暴发疫情以肠道传染病为主,占79.17%,其中以出血性结膜炎最多,共15起,占暴发疫情总数的62.50%;暴发高峰集中在3～4月和9月;儿童青少年为高发人群;教育场所发生暴发疫情占83.33%;新安街道为暴发起数最多的街道。结论深圳市宝安区暴发疫情经过综合防制后,控制效果显著,今后的防控重点应在冬、春季节的呼吸道传染病和夏、秋季的肠道传染病,人群以幼童及青少年为主;应定期对教师、家长、学生和工厂企业的卫生监管人员及员工进行卫生宣传教育。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of outbreaks of cholera, influenza, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, hand-foot-mouth disease, chickenpox and mycoplasma pneumonia in 2010 in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City. Methods The epidemiological data of the above six infectious diseases outbreaks in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City in 2010 were collected and analyzed by descriptive method. Results In 2010, Bao’an District of Shenzhen reported a total of 24 outbreaks, with a total of 1 522 cases (1 006 males and 516 females) with an attack rate of 2.47%. The outbreak was dominated by intestinal infectious diseases (79.17%), of which, Hemorrhagic conjunctivitis up to 15, accounting for 62.50% of the total outbreak; outbreaks concentrated in the 3 to April and September; children and adolescents for the high incidence of population; education outbreak accounted for 83.33%; Xin’an Street outbreak The most numerous street. Conclusion The outbreak control in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City after comprehensive prevention and control was significant. The future prevention and control should focus on the respiratory infectious diseases in winter and spring and the intestinal infectious diseases in summer and autumn. The population was dominated by young children and adolescents Health education and supervision should be provided regularly to health supervisors and employees of teachers, parents, students and factories and enterprises.