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目的：为适应临床需要，对国人下颌后静脉进行了定位观察，探讨其应用解剖学意义。方法：在３１侧经福尔马林固定的标本上，以颧弓、耳垂和下颌角等对下颌后静脉的起点和分叉处进行定位，解剖观测了其组成、属支、回流及毗邻关系等。结果：下颌后静脉由颞浅静脉和上颌静脉合成，合成处距颧弓上缘后端为（４．５±０．１）ｃｍ，均位于耳屏切迹下方。然后分别经二腹肌后腹、茎突舌骨肌和面神经颈面干及颈支的深面，出腮腺下极或偏前，其回流分为两种型式：一是分为前后支，占３５．５％（１１侧），前支与面静脉合成一静脉干入颈内静脉，后支则与耳后静脉相汇成颈外静脉；另一种是不分前后支的，占６４．５％（２０侧），直接与耳后静脉结合后汇入颈外静脉。下颌后静脉的长度为（３．１±＋２．０）ｃｍ，起点外径为（０．５±０．４）ｃｍ，分叉处外径（０．６±０．３）ｃｍ，分叉处至下颌角的距离为（１．７±０．７）ｃｍ，腔内未见瓣膜。下颌后静脉的属支按其出现率依次为：①下颌关节静脉的出现率为９３．６％（２９侧）；②腮腺后静脉为９３．６％（２９侧）；③面横静脉为８７．１％（２７侧）；④耳前静脉为６４．５％（２０侧）；⑤茎突静脉为４８．４％（１５侧）；⑥咬肌静脉为９．７％（３?
Objective: In order to meet the clinical needs, the Chinese mandibular vein was observed and its anatomical significance was explored. Methods: The formalin-fixed specimens on 31 sides were used to locate the starting point and bifurcation of the posterior mandibular vein with zygomatic arch, earlobe and mandibular angle. The anatomical structures, branches, reflux and adjacent relations were observed Wait. Results: The posterior mandibular vein was composed of superficial temporal veins and maxillary veins. The distance from the superior margin of the zygomatic arch was (4.5 ± 0.1) cm, all located below the notch of the tragus. And then respectively through the abdominal muscles of the abdominal muscles, stylohyoid muscle and facial nerve neck and neck deep surface, the parotid gland pole or partial front, the reflux is divided into two types: First, is divided into anteroposterior branches, accounting for 35.5% (11 sides). The anterior branch and venous vein were made into a vein and the posterior branch was merged into the external jugular vein. The other branch was anteroposterior branches, accounting for 64%. 5% (20 sides), directly after the ear vein combined into the external jugular vein. The length of the posterior mandibular vein was (3.1 ± +2.0) cm with a starting point of (0.5 ± 0.4) cm in diameter and an outer diameter of (0.6 ± 0.3) cm at the bifurcation Department to the mandibular angle distance (1.7 ± 0.7) cm, no valve cavity. The incidence of mandibular vena genital branch was as follows: ① The incidence of mandibular joint vein was 93.6% (29 sides); ② The parotid gland vein was 93.6% (29 sides); ③ transverse veins was 87 ; 1% (27 sides); ④ anuricular vein was 64.5% (20 sides); ⑤ styloid process was 48.4% (15 sides); ⑥ masseter muscle vein was 9.7%