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为分析温度对电池性能影响的主要原因，搭建采用半导体制冷片作为新型控温设备的模糊控制温度控制实验测试平台，对实验室自制的无外增湿阴极开放式质子交换膜燃料电池(proton exchange membrane fuel cell，PEMFC)进行了线性温度扫描实验。通过跟踪电池随温度变化的输出特性，得到不同负载电压下电池最佳工作温度点。从PEMFC水热平衡管理的角度，着重分析了 PEMFC 分别在大/小负载情况下，温度对电池性能的影响的原因。“,”In order to analyze the main reasons that affect the output characteristic, based on a fuzzy temperature controller which apply thermoelectric cooling pad as temperature control equipment; a linear temperature sweep experimental study was done on a home-made open cathode proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) without external humidification. The optimum operating temperatures at different load voltage was obtained by tracking the output characteristics of PEMFC operating over a range of temperatures. From the perspective of PEMFC water and heat balance management, the influence of temperature on the fuel cell was analyzed separately at high/low voltage load.