在《伊利亚特》中,追溯是频繁出现的叙述手法,其中一类是沉痛、衷婉的回顾,主要包括对阵亡者身份背景或经历的介绍,以及对女性身世经历的追忆。作为对过去的回顾,追溯在今昔之间、战争与和平之间、生与死之间构成的鲜明对比,显示着当下的死亡对当事者各自生命历程的截断或改变。正是在这一层面,表面充满厮杀的《伊利亚特》展现出它的悲悯关怀。 In the Iliad, traceability is a frequent narrative technique. One of them is a painful and sincere review. It mainly includes the introduction of the background or experience of the deceased’s identity and the memory of the experience of women’s life experience. As a retrospective of the past, tracing back the sharp contrast between the past and the present, between war and peace, between life and death, shows that current death truncates or changes the lives of the parties involved. It is at this level that the surface of the Iliad, which is full of slaughter, shows its compassion and care.