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Objective To establish the GC-MS fingerprints for Artemisia argyi volatile oil as a basis for the identification and quality of Artemisia argyi volatile oil evaluation.Methods 15 batches of Artemisia argyi samples were collected, and different batches of Artemisia argyi volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation.And the temperature at feed inlet was 230℃, the carrier gas was nitrogen, and the carrier gas flow rate was 0.8ml/min.GC-MS of volatile oil in 15 batches ofArtemisia argyi was analyzed by temperature programmer.The GC-MS fingerprint was established and fingerprint similarity was analyzed.Results P-cymene, eucalyptol, terpene alkene, thujone, camphor, borneol, 1-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide and other 23 characteristic components were calibrated as common characteristic peaks to establish Artemisia argyi GC-MS fingerprint.The relative retention time and RSD of relative peak of total peak had smaller differences, and 15 batches of Artemisia argyi volatile oil similarity was greater than 0.90.Conclusions The study established the GC-MS fingerprint of Artemisia argyi volatile oil and determined 23 characteristic peaks of Artemisia argyi volatile components, which improved Artemisia argyi essential oil quality evaluation and control system, and provided overall objective experimental evaluation for Artemisia argyi quality.