美国的替代能源战略主要是大力发展核能。虽然美国早在60年代中期就开始发展核电站,但在石油危机爆发之前几乎没有核电站投入商业运行。进入70年代,美国的核能发展进入了高峰,至今总共建造商业核电站132座,仍在运行的有104座,其中70年代兴建的就占一半。近几十年来,美国的核能一直在国内能源结构中占有重要比例,核电在全国电力生产中的比例高达21.7％。 The United States’ alternative energy strategy is mainly to develop nuclear energy. Although the United States began to develop nuclear power plants as early as the mid-1960s, few nuclear power plants were put into commercial operation before the oil crisis broke out. In the 1970s, the United States reached its peak of nuclear energy development. So far, a total of 132 commercial nuclear power plants have been built and 104 are still in operation, of which half were built in the 1970s. In recent decades, the U.S. nuclear energy has always occupied a significant proportion of the domestic energy structure. Nuclear power accounts for 21.7% of the national electricity production.