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AIM: To investigate the role of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and galectin-3 (GAL-3) in the proliferation and infiltration of pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990.METHODS: Human pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990 and PSCs were cultured in vitro. Supatant fluid of cultured PSCs and SW1990 cells was collected. Expression of GAL-3 in SW1990 cells and PSCs was detected by ELISA, RT-PCR and West blotting. Proliferation of cultured PSCs and SW1990 cells was measured by 3-(4, 5-methylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry. Infiltration of SW1990 cells was detected by a cell infiltration kit.RESULTS: SW1990 cells expressed GAL-3 and this was up-regulated by the supatant fluid of cultured PSCs. PSCs did not express GAL-3. SW1990 cells stimulated proliferation of PSCs via GAL-3. GAL-3 antibody inhibited SW1990 cell proliferation, while the supatant fluid of PSCs stimulated proliferation of SW1990 cells through interaction with GAL-3 protein. The supatant fluid of PSCs enhanced the invasiveness of SW1990 cells through interaction with GAL-3.CONCLUSION: GAL-3 and PSCs were involved in the proliferation and infiltration process of pancreatic cancer cells.