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目的:研究温度、生长素和赤霉素对暗紫贝母形态休眠和生理休眠解除的影响。方法:暗紫贝母形态休眠解除的研究方法为分别用25、50、100、200ppm4个浓度生长素溶液浸泡暗紫贝母种子,在5、15、25℃温度条件下沙埋层积诱导贝母种子形态后熟。用挤压法统计胚率。生理休眠解除方法为分别用浓度为50、150、250、350、450ppm赤霉素溶液处理胚成熟的贝母种子24h后置于5、10、15、20、25℃温度下进行发芽试验。结果:生长素对暗紫贝母种子胚的成熟有促进作用,200ppm为最佳浓度;5、15℃时早期原胚都能生长,在25℃条件下原胚基本不生长;处理85d后,78.5%种子的原胚分化成成熟胚,平均胚率达到74%;200ppm生长素处理、15℃下沙埋层积可使胚的成熟期缩短到60d。赤霉素处理能显著提高成熟种子的发芽率,经250ppm赤霉素处理后的贝母种子发芽率可达80%。在5-25℃之间,经处理后的暗紫贝母种子发芽时间随发芽温度升高而缩短,温度在25℃以上时,发芽时间反而延长。结论:适宜浓度的生长素和赤霉素可促进暗紫贝母种子的形态休眠和生理休眠的解除。生长素和赤霉素的最佳浓度分别为200、250ppm。5-25℃范围内,随着温度的升高,暗紫贝母种子发芽的时间会被缩短。
Objective: To study the effect of temperature, auxin and gibberellin on the morphological dormancy and physiological dormancy of Fritillary. Methods: The research method of morphological dormancy removal of Fritillaria ussuriensis was immersed in four concentrations of auxin solution of 25, 50, 100, 200 ppm, respectively. Under the conditions of 5, 15 and 25 ℃, Seed ripe form. Extrusion method statistics embryo rate. Physiological dormancy release methods were treated with 50,150,250,350,450 ppm concentrations of gibberellic acid solution of embryo matured Fritillaria seed 24 hours after placed at 5,10,15,20,25 ℃ temperature for germination test. Results: Auxin promoted the maturation of Fritillaria ussuriensis seed embryo at the optimal concentration of 200ppm. While the embryos grew early at 5 and 15 ℃, the embryos did not grow at 25 ℃. After 85 days of treatment, 78.5% seed embryos differentiated into mature embryos, the average embryo rate reached 74%; 200ppm auxin treatment, sand burial at 15 ℃ can shorten embryonic maturity to 60d. Gibberellin treatment can significantly improve the germination rate of mature seeds, 250ppm gibberellin treated Fritillaria seed germination rate of up to 80%. Between 5 and 25 ℃, the germination time of Fritillaria ussuriensis seed treated by the treatment was shortened with the increase of the germination temperature. When the temperature was above 25 ℃, germination time was prolonged instead. Conclusion: Appropriate concentrations of ghrelin and gibberellin can promote the morphological dormancy and physiological dormancy of Fritillaria ussuriensis seed. The optimal concentrations of ghrelin and gibberellin were 200 and 250 ppm, respectively. In the range of 5-25 ℃, the germination time of Fritillaria ussuriensis seeds will be shortened with the increase of temperature.