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构成地幔的大部分名义上无水矿物,包括橄榄石及其同质异象体、辉石以及石榴石等,均可以羟基形式赋存一定量的水.水在地幔不同深度的出现不仅对一系列物理性质(包括密度、波速、熔融温度、电导率和流变强度等)有重要影响,并且对地幔的动力学行为、横向结构和成分的不均一性以及地球深部的演化过程具有重要意义.近年来,地震学研究在地幔不同深度和不同区域均发现低速带的存在,而观测到的地幔速度异常很可能与地幔中的水密切相关.高温高压矿物学利用实验和理论计算,对水是如何影响地幔主要构成矿物的弹性模量和波速进行了深入研究,并取得了大量进展.这些研究对正确理解地幔速度异常的形成机制,查明地幔中水的分布,探寻水在地球内部的迁移形式至关重要.本文针对近年来高温高压矿物学在地幔含水矿物弹性模量的研究成果进行了综述,介绍了该研究方向的进展和不足,并对未来的研究方向进行了阐述.
Most of the nominally anhydrous minerals that make up the mantle, including olivine and its isomorphism, pyroxene and garnet, all carry a certain amount of water in the form of hydroxyl groups. The appearance of water in different depths of the mantle is not only true for one Series of physical properties (including density, wave velocity, melting temperature, conductivity and rheological strength, etc.) have an important impact, and the dynamic behavior of the mantle, lateral structure and composition of the heterogeneity and evolution of the Earth’s deep process of great significance. In recent years, the seismological studies have found the existence of low-velocity zones in different depths and different regions of the mantle, and the observed anomaly of the mantle velocity is likely to be closely related to the water in the mantle.High temperature and high pressure mineralogy is experimentally and theoretically calculated, How to influence the elastic moduli and wave velocities of the main mantle minerals has been studied in depth and a great deal of progress has been made.These studies are helpful to understand the formation mechanism of the mantle velocity anomaly and find out the distribution of water in the mantle and the migration of water inside the Earth Form is very important.This paper reviews the research results on the elastic modulus of mantle water minerals in recent years in the high temperature and high pressure mineralogy, Shao lack of progress and direction of the research, and future research directions are described.