一、前言纤维素作为高聚物的先驱,曾为高分子科学的建立和近代高分子工业的发展建立了不朽的功勋,然而石油化学的兴起,纤维素化学受到了一定的忽视,近年来,由于资源的短缺和能源不足,迫使人们重新考虑天然纤维对人类可能作出的巨大贡献,一些国家对当代纤维素化学的重要问题进行学术交流,纤维素化学正在重新跨入一个兴旺发达的新阶段。由于纤维素的天然物性——聚集态结构和化学反应的多样性,具有亲水基团而不溶于水的特性,使纤维素通过酯化,醚化和接 I. Introduction As a pioneer of polymer, cellulose has established an immortal feat for the establishment of polymer science and the development of modern polymer industry. However, the rise of petrochemistry has neglected cellulose chemistry. In recent years, Due to shortage of resources and lack of energy, people are forced to reconsider the great contribution that natural fiber can make to human beings. Some countries have conducted academic exchanges on the important issues of contemporary cellulose chemistry and cellulose chemistry is entering a new stage of prosperity. Due to the natural properties of cellulose - the diversity of aggregated structures and chemical reactions, the hydrophilic nature of the water-insoluble groups, the cellulose is esterified, etherified and then