目的探讨石柱土家族自治县农村地区40岁以上人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)的患病情况及相关危险因素。方法整群随机抽取石柱土家族自治县农村地区40岁以上常住居民2 387名,应用统一调查问卷表进行调查,并测定肺功能,记录COPD患病率,logistic回归分析COPD患病的相关危险因素。结果2 387名中配合调查者1 920名,资料完整可用于分析者1 873名,其中175例诊断为COPD,COPD患病率为9.3%;logistic回归分析结果显示,性别(OR=0.174,95%CI:0.107~0.284,P=0.000)、年龄(OR=0.505,95%CI:0.430~0.593,P=0.000)、体质量指数(OR=0.696,95%CI:0.513~0.944,P=0.020)、受教育程度(OR=0.388,95%CI:0.184~0.820,P=0.013)、经济收入(OR=2.082,95%CI:1.418~3.058,P=0.000)、儿时咳嗽史(OR=0.766,95%CI:0.608~0.967,P=0.025)、厨房通风(OR=1.480,95%CI:1.085~2.018,P=0.013)、吸烟(OR=0.82,95%CI:0.687~0.979,P=0.028)、被动吸烟(OR=0.213,95%CI:0.143~0.373,P=0.000)与COPD发病相关。结论石柱土家族自治县农村地区40岁以上人群COPD患病率较高,针对相关危险因素进行早期干预,可降低COPD患病率。 Objective To investigate the prevalence and related risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in rural areas over 40 years old in Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County. Methods A total of 2 387 permanent residents over the age of 40 in rural areas of Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County were randomly selected. The questionnaires were used to investigate the lung function. The prevalence of COPD was recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related risk factors of COPD. Results A total of 2 387 investigators were matched with 1 920 and the data were available for a total of 1 873 analysts. Among them, 175 were diagnosed as COPD and the prevalence of COPD was 9.3%. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender (OR = 0.174, 95 (OR = 0.696, 95% CI: 0.513-0.944, P = 0.020, P = 0.000), and the difference was statistically significant ), Education level (OR = 0.388, 95% CI: 0.184-0.820, P = 0.013), economic income (OR = 2.082,95% CI: 1.418-3.0858, P = 0.000) (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.687-0.979, P = 0.025, P = 0.025, P = 0.025) = 0.028). Passive smoking (OR = 0.213, 95% CI: 0.143-0.373, P = 0.000) was associated with COPD. Conclusion The prevalence of COPD is higher in people over 40 years old in rural areas of Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County, and the early intervention of relevant risk factors can reduce the prevalence of COPD.