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食管癌恶性程度高、预后差.淋巴结转移及阳性淋巴结数量是影响患者预后的重要原因之一,尤其颈淋巴结和喉返神经旁淋巴结是一直研究争议的热点.虽然颈胸腹三野淋巴结清扫术较胸腹两野淋巴结清扫术可以延长患者生存时间并减少复发,但是,该种术式在使患者生存获益的同时也带来了术后高并发症.颈淋巴结是否存在转移直接影响着淋巴结清扫范围,虽然可以通过多种方法诊断颈淋巴结有无转移,但是敏感性及特异性低.喉返神经旁淋巴结被认为是食管癌的前哨淋巴结,用于预测颈淋巴结是否存在转移,然而准确率不超过50%.本文将对目前食管癌颈淋巴转移诊治现状进行综述.“,”Esophageal cancer is a highly malignant tumor with a poor prognosis.Lymph node involvement and the number of positive nodes,especially the cervical and recurrent laryngeal nerve nodes,are independent prognostic predictors after esophagectomy.Three-field lymphadenectomy (3-FL) may prevent recurrence and prolong survival for esophagus carcinoma when compared with two-field lymphadenectomy (2-FL),whereas it is also a highly invasive procedure that can lead to severe complications.The status of cervical lymph nodes is one of the most important factors to identify whether 3-FL should be performed.Unfortunately,current clinically used approaches demonstrated a lower sensitivity and specificity in identifying cervical lymph node metastasis.Recurrent laryngeal nerve nodes also have been regarded as the sentinel nodes to predict cervical node metastasis with an accuracy of less than 50%.We will review the current diagnosis and treatment progress of cervical lymph node metastasis of esophageal cancer.