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提出了一种圆管式径向复合压电陶瓷换能器,并对其径向振动特性进行了分析。该换能器由径向极化的压电陶瓷圆管以及金属外圆管组成。利用解析法得出了金属圆管以及具有任意壁厚的径向极化压电陶瓷圆管径向振动的机电等效电路。基于金属圆管与压电圆管的机械边界条件,得出了换能器的六端机电等效电路。在此基础上得出了换能器共振及反共振频率方程的解析表达式,给出了换能器的共振及反共振频率与其几何尺寸之间的依赖关系。利用数值方法对换能器的径向振动特性进行了模拟及仿真,并与解析结果进行了比较。最后,设计并加工了一些径向复合管式压电陶瓷换能器,利用精密阻抗分析仪对其共振及反共振频率进行了实验测试。研究结果表明,利用解析理论得出的换能器共振及反共振频率与数值模拟结果以及实验测试结果符合很好。
A circular tube radial composite piezoelectric ceramic transducer is proposed and its radial vibration characteristics are analyzed. The transducer consists of a radially polarized piezoceramic tube and a metal outer tube. Analytical method was used to derive the electromechanical equivalent circuit of the metal pipe and the radial vibration of the circularly polarized piezoelectric ceramic pipe with arbitrary wall thickness. Based on the mechanical boundary conditions between the metal tube and the piezoelectric tube, the six-terminal electromechanical equivalent circuit of the transducer is obtained. On this basis, the analytic expressions of the resonant and anti-resonant frequency equations of the transducer are obtained, and the dependence of the resonant and anti-resonant frequency of the transducer on the geometrical dimensions is given. The radial vibration characteristics of the transducer were simulated and simulated by numerical method and compared with the analytical results. Finally, a number of radial composite-tube piezoceramic transducers were designed and processed, and their resonant and anti-resonant frequencies were experimentally tested with a precision impedance analyzer. The results show that the resonance and antiresonance frequency of the transducer obtained by analytical theory are in good agreement with the numerical simulation results and the experimental results.