0引言“生态农业”(ecological agriculture)是二十世纪中后期发达国家出现的一种针对现代农业的弊端而提出的新农业理念。自1960年以来,许多国家先后提出了有机农业、无公害农业、生物农业、自然农业、持续农业等概念,并将其作为新的农业发展模式付诸实施。由于这些模式都以生态、自然资源保护与农业 0 INTRODUCTION “Ecological agriculture” is a new concept of agriculture put forward by developed countries in the mid and late 20th century in response to the shortcomings of modern agriculture. Since 1960, many countries have put forward the concepts of organic agriculture, pollution-free agriculture, biological agriculture, natural agriculture and sustainable agriculture and put them into practice as a new mode of agricultural development. Because these models are ecological, natural resource conservation and agriculture