目的探讨保乳手术治疗对早期乳腺癌患者生存质量、乳腺外观的影响。方法选择早期乳腺癌患者为100例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,每组50例。观察组接受保乳手术治疗,对照组则接受改良根治手术治疗。记录两组手术一般情况,术前、术后6个月采取生活质量评价量表评估两组患者生活质量,采取Rose评分标准评估患者乳房外观。结果与对照组比较,观察组手术时间、住院时间均短,术中出血量少,切口长度短,组间比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组乳房外观恢复优良率为92.0%,明显高于对照组的62.0%(χ~2=10.275,P<0.05)。两组治疗前心理状态、生理状态、社会功能、躯体功能评分比较,均P>0.05;两组治疗后与治疗前各评分比较,均P<0.05;观察组治疗后各评分均高于高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论保乳手术治疗早期乳腺癌可明显改善患者术后生活质量及乳房外观。 Objective To investigate the effect of breast-conserving surgery on quality of life and breast appearance in patients with early-stage breast cancer. Methods 100 patients with early breast cancer were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to random number table method, with 50 cases in each group. The observation group received breast-conserving surgery while the control group received modified radical surgery. The general condition of the two groups were recorded. The quality of life was evaluated preoperatively and 6 months after surgery by using the quality of life evaluation scale. The Rose score was used to evaluate the breast appearance. Results Compared with the control group, the observation group had shorter operation time, shorter hospitalization time, less intraoperative blood loss and shorter incision length. There was significant difference between the two groups (all P <0.05). The good rate of breast appearance recovery in the observation group was 92.0%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (62.0%, χ ~ 2 = 10.275, P <0.05). The two groups before treatment, psychological status, physical status, social function, physical function scores were compared, P> 0.05; two groups after treatment compared with before treatment, all P <0.05; the observation group after treatment were higher than the score Control group, the difference was statistically significant (all P <0.05). Conclusion Breast conserving surgery for early breast cancer can significantly improve postoperative quality of life and breast appearance.