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五十年代的手工业生产合作社,都是社员入股,他们把社看成是自己的。办的好坏与每个社员有着直接关系。后来由于极左思潮的影响,人为的大搞升级过渡,按国营企业模式管理集体企业,取消了职工入股和股金分红。滋长了“大锅饭”和“铁饭碗”思想,削弱了职工当家做主人的责任感。十一届三中全会以后,绝大部份集体工业企业实行了独立核算、自负盈亏。但是,还没有真正按照集体所有制的性质和特点去办集体企业,入股分红制度还没有恢复。
The handicraft production cooperatives of the 1950s were all members of the cooperative and they considered the company as their own. The quality of the work has a direct relationship with each member. Later, due to the influence of the ultra-leftist trend of thought, man-made large-scale upgrading and transition, the management of collective enterprises in accordance with the state-owned enterprise model, canceled the employee shares and dividends. The idea of “big pot rice” and “iron rice bowl” grew and weakened the sense of responsibility of the employees as masters. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, most collective industrial enterprises implemented independent accounting and assumed sole responsibility for their profits and losses. However, collective management has not yet been implemented in accordance with the nature and characteristics of collective ownership, and the dividend payment system has not yet been restored.