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一、引言 小额扶贫信贷是指贷款和存款两方面的小规模金融服务,其服务对象是城乡低收入阶层,贷款范围包括:农、林、牧、渔业、微型非农业、小商小贩等。小额扶贫信贷的操作机构有四种类型:即开发银行(如印尼的BRI、墨西哥的CFN)、以扶贫为宗旨的银行(如孟加拉乡村银行GB、印度的SEWA银行和玻利维亚的Bancoso1)、各国会员组织或分支机构组成的网络(如拉美和加勒比地区的ACCION、拉美及非洲的FINCA)和非政府组织NGO(如多米尼亚共和国的ADOPEM、肯尼亚的K—REP)。
I. Introduction Small-sum credit loans refer to small-scale financial services in both loans and deposits. They serve urban and rural low-income people. The scope of loans includes: agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries, micro-agriculture and small traders. There are four types of operating agencies for microfinance credit: development banks (such as BRI in Indonesia and CFN in Mexico), banks that aim at alleviating poverty (such as GB Bank in Bangladesh, SEWA Bank in India and Bancoso1 in Bolivia), countries Member organizations or affiliates (ACCION in Latin America and the Caribbean, FINCA in Latin America and Africa) and non-governmental NGOs (eg ADOPEM in the Republic of Dominica, K-REP in Kenya).