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目的探讨两种甲醇工艺产生的职业病危害因素及其对工作场所影响,为甲醇生产企业职业病危害防治提供依据。方法通过对两种甲醇生产线的调查和分析研究,比较两种不同甲醇生产工艺的生产原料、主要化学反应、生产工艺过程、产品和中间产品;比较两种工艺工作场所职业病危害因素的异同。结果粉煤气化生产甲醇工艺的主要职业病危害因素有CO、COS、H2S、NH3、HCN、CO2、甲醇、粉尘、噪声等;块煤气化生产甲醇工艺除可产生上述职业病危害因素外,还有苯、甲苯,酚、二甲酚、萘、蒽、重油、焦油、带支链多环化合物等职业病危害因素。结论从职业卫生角度分析,粉煤气化生产甲醇工艺优于块煤气化生产甲醇工艺。
Objective To explore the hazards of occupational diseases caused by two methanol processes and their impact on the workplace, and provide the basis for the prevention and control of occupational hazards in methanol production enterprises. Methods Through the investigation and analysis of two kinds of methanol production lines, the production raw materials, main chemical reactions, production processes, products and intermediate products of two different methanol production processes were compared. The similarities and differences of occupational hazards in the two kinds of workplaces were compared. Results The major occupational hazards of methanol production from pulverized coal gasification include CO, COS, H2S, NH3, HCN, CO2, methanol, dust, noise and so on. In addition to the occupational hazards mentioned above, , Toluene, phenol, xylenol, naphthalene, anthracene, heavy oil, tar, branched polycyclic compounds and other occupational hazards. Conclusion From the point of view of occupational health, the methanol production by pulverized coal gasification is superior to the methanol production by block coal gasification.