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本文是作者在学习《关于建国以来党的若干历史问题的决议》以后,对建国初期国内的主要矛盾、社会性质和革命转变问题的重新认识。作者认为,当时国内的主要矛盾由中国人民和帝国主义、封建主义、官僚资本主义的矛盾转变为工人阶级和资产阶级之间、社会主义道路和资本主义道路之间的矛盾,不是同时在全国范围内出现的,而是经历了一个逐渐转变的过程;这个转变开始于中华人民共和国成立之后,完成于土地改革在全国完成之后。当时我国社会是新民主主义社会,而新民主主义社会又是一个过渡性质的社会,在当时国内国际的条件下,不是向社会主义社会过渡,就会退回到半殖民地半封建的老路上去。由于我们党及时地和有步骤地实现了从新民主主义革命到社会主义革命的转变,因而新民主主义社会也就成了从新民主主义到社会主义的过渡时期。中华人民共和国的成立标志着我国新民主主义革命阶段的基本结束和社会主义革命阶段的开始——这个提法是正确的,因为符合当时我国的历史实际。
This article is a review of the “Resolution on Several Historical Issues of the Party since the Founding of the People’s Republic” since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, and has re-recognized the major contradictions, social characteristics and revolutionary changes in the country since the founding of New China. The author believes that at that time the major contradictions in the country were transformed from the contradiction between the Chinese people and imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capitalism to the contradiction between the working class and the bourgeoisie, between the socialist road and the capitalist road, not simultaneously in the whole country But appeared to have undergone a process of gradual transformation. This transformation started after the founding of the People’s Republic of China and was completed after the land reform was completed in the whole country. At that time, our society was a new-democratic society, and the new-democratic society was a transitional one. Under the conditions of the time at home and abroad, instead of transitioning to a socialist society, the new-democratic society would be returned to the semi-colonial and semi-feudal old way. Since our party realized the transformation from the new-democratic revolution to the socialist revolution in a timely and step-by-step manner, the new-democratic society has also become a period of transition from new democracy to socialism. The founding of the People’s Republic of China marks the fundamental conclusion of our country’s new-democratic revolution and the beginning of the socialist revolution. This formulation is correct because it is in line with the historical reality of our country at the time.