一个国家医疗卫生体制的形成和发展,主要取决于社会制度、政治意愿、经济发展水平和社会价值取向。在人类发展历史长河中,治疗疾病和增进健康的技术方法已经存在了几千年,而有组织的医疗卫生体制才出现100多年。1883年,德国俾斯麦政府为了缓解社会矛盾,削弱社会主义工人运动的 The formation and development of a national medical and health system depend mainly on the social system, political will, level of economic development, and social values. In the long history of human development, technological approaches to disease treatment and health promotion have existed for thousands of years, and the organized health system has been in existence for more than 100 years. In 1883, the German Bismarck government in order to ease social conflicts, weakening the socialist workers’ movement