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当前在苏联,教外国学生学俄语,主要采用自觉实践法。“自觉实践”这一术语能充分说明这一方法的实质。“自觉”意味着要求学生理解所学语言现象,为此应教一定的语言知识;“实践”表明教学的主要方向、基本形式是言语实践。可见,这一术语的前半部是依据教学论理论,强调自觉学习语言;后半部是根据语言本质,明确规定学习目的——实践掌握。自觉学习语言的道路,包括以下叫个互相联系的先后步骤:①学生感知、理解语言现象;②学生识记语言现象;③学生练习运用理解、识记住的语言现象;
Currently in the Soviet Union, teaching foreign students to learn Russian mainly adopts the law of conscious practice. The term “conscious practice” fully demonstrates the essence of this approach. “Consciousness” means requiring students to understand the phenomenon of language, for which should be taught a certain degree of language knowledge; “practice” that the main direction of teaching, the basic form of speech practice. Visible, the first half of this term is based on the theory of teaching theory, emphasizing consciously learning the language; the latter half is based on the nature of the language, clearly defined learning objectives - practical grasp. Consciously learn the language of the road, including the following steps called contact each other: ① students to understand and understand the language phenomenon; ② students to identify language phenomena; ③ students practice the use of understanding, to remember the language phenomenon;