一、绪论东方官僚主义体制下的官人或官员是身份非常特殊的阶层。早先,他们是知识分子中具备了可担当政务能力者,是担任一定的官职,履行职责,并将自己的身份传于子孙的、排他性较强的阶层。然而经过魏晋隋唐之后,就如“唐宋变革期”这一词语所反映的那样,进入宋代以后社会全貌发生了变化而不同于前朝唐代。其中,具有典型意义的是伴随节度使体制的崩溃而出现的贵族社会的没落和以士大夫为代表的庶民文化的兴起。从而宋代的阶级流动性 I. Introduction Officials or officials under the oriental bureaucratic system are very special identities. Earlier, they were among the intelligentsia who possessed the ability to take the administrative tasks, to hold certain official posts, perform their duties, and pass on their own identities to the more exclusive class. However, after the Wei and Jin Sui and Tang dynasties, just as the phrase “the transformation of Tang and Song Dynasties” reflected, the whole picture of the society after the Song Dynasty changed and was different from the previous Tang Dynasty. Among them, the decline of the aristocratic society and the rise of common people culture, represented by the scholar-officials, accompanied by the collapse of the system caused by the dominance of the system. Thus the class mobility in Song Dynasty