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目前对开挖工程一般只作总应力法分析。本文结合某炮和软粘土地基深基坑开挖的工程实例，将Biot固结有限元法用于基坑性状的研究。分析表明，坑壁立体位移和支撑轴力的计算和实测值基本吻合;在土方停挖期，两者均表现出一定程度的固结效应。
Currently, the general stress analysis is only used for excavation works. In this paper, the Biot consolidation finite element method is applied to the study of the properties of foundation pits in combination with the excavation of deep foundation pits of a gun and soft clay foundation. The analysis shows that the calculations of the three-dimensional displacement of the pit wall and the supporting axial force are basically consistent with the measured values; during the excavation of the earth, both show a certain degree of consolidation.