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一、前言五十年代,空气弹簧在铁道车辆上得到应用之后便很快推广,它对改善旅客列车的振动性能和简化转向架结构作出了很大的贡献。早期的空气弹簧振动理论已在文献〔1〕中作了阐述。由于该理论是以线性弹簧——减振器并列系统作为振动模型,因此,空气弹簧的刚度和阻力系数成了频率的函数。这意味着虽然振动模型是线性的,但与非线性系统一样难以推测其振动特性,在解析和设计空气弹簧防振系统时就颇受限制。文献〔2〕解决了这个问题,指出参数值不取决于频率,并提出了比较合理的空气弹簧振动模型。然
I. Introduction In the fifties, air springs were popularized immediately after their application to railway vehicles. They have greatly contributed to improving the vibration performance of passenger trains and simplifying the bogie structure. Early air spring vibration theory has been described in the literature [1]. Since this theory uses a linear spring-damper parallel system as the vibration model, the stiffness and drag coefficient of the air spring become a function of frequency. This means that although the vibration model is linear, it is difficult to infer the vibration characteristics of the vibration system, which is limited in the analysis and design of the air spring anti-vibration system. Literature [2] solved this problem, pointed out that the parameter values do not depend on the frequency and proposed a more reasonable air spring vibration model. Of course