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自60年代开始,人们发现了很多有生物活性的多糖,并开始探讨其结构以及结构与功能的关系,在构效关系方而,研究得较多的是多糖的化学结构与抗肿瘤、抗辐射、抗凝血以及降血脂等之间的关系,同时对多糖的作用机制也进行了广泛的研究。一、通过降解的方法提高多糖的活性典型的例子是从中药茯苓中提取的茯苓多糖(Pachyman)。Pachyman的基本结构为β(1→3)键的葡聚糖,小鼠抗肿瘤实验表明它不具抗肿瘤活性。经进一步分析其结构,发现Pachyman除主链β(1→3)外,还含有少量的β(1→6)键连的分枝,通过氧化、还原、水解等化学方法切断β(1→6)支链
Since the 1960s, many people have discovered a lot of biological activity of polysaccharides, and began to explore its structure and structure and function of the relationship between the structure-activity relationship, the more studied polysaccharide chemical structure and anti-tumor, anti-radiation , Anticoagulant and hypolipidemic, and at the same time extensively studied the mechanism of action of polysaccharides. First, improve the activity of polysaccharides by degradation method A typical example is extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Poria of the Pachyman (Pachyman). The basic structure of Pachyman β (1 → 3) bond of dextran, anti-tumor experiments in mice showed that it does not have anti-tumor activity. After further analysis of its structure, Pachyman found that in addition to the main chain β (1 → 3), Pachyman also contains a small amount of β (1 → 6) branching branches. The chemical bonds of β (1 → 6 )Branched