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为了探明B型烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci B-biotype和温室白粉虱Trialeurodes vaporariorum体内的碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)在两者竞争替代中所起的作用,以对硝基苯磷酸二钠(pNPP)为底物,采用个体测定和群体测定的方法,研究比较了2种粉虱不同虫态中该酶的性质。结果表明:2种粉虱的碱性磷酸酶比活力在整个发育历期均逐渐增加,成虫期达到最大。温室白粉虱2至4龄若虫(伪蛹)期的碱性磷酸酶比活力分别是B型烟粉虱对应龄期酶比活力的2.58、2.68和3.14倍;B型烟粉虱雌雄成虫的碱性磷酸酶比活力分别是温室白粉虱雌雄成虫酶比活力的1.24和1.26倍,且2种粉虱雌虫的酶比活力显著大于其雄虫。2种粉虱2龄若虫到成虫的碱性磷酸酶最适pH均为7.8,最适温度均为47℃;在1龄若虫中均未能检测到该酶活性。测定并比较2种粉虱不同虫态碱性磷酸酶动力学特征参数的结果显示,温室白粉虱碱性磷酸酶在3、4龄若虫的亲和力以及在2,3,4龄若虫的酶蛋白浓度均显著大于B型烟粉虱的对应值,而在成虫期2种粉虱的亲和力、酶蛋白浓度无差异,B型烟粉虱的活化能显著小于温室白粉虱。据此推测,B型烟粉虱利用碱性磷酸酶在若虫期进行组织骨化和生长发育不如温室白粉虱,但羽化为成虫后利用其进行解毒代谢则可能强于温室白粉虱。
In order to find out the role of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in Bemisia tabaci B-biotype B and Trialeurodes vaporariorum in the competition between the two alternatives, p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) as the substrate, the individual and population determination methods were used to study the properties of the two whitefly species in different insect states. The results showed that the alkaline phosphatase specific activities of two whiteflies increased gradually during the whole developmental period and reached the maximum during the adult stage. The specific activities of alkaline phosphatase in the second to fourth instar nymphs (Pseudo pupae) of B. tabaci were 2.58, 2.68 and 3.14 times higher than that of the corresponding strains of B. tabaci B-biotype respectively. The specific activities of the phosphatases were 1.24 and 1.26 folds of the specific activities of adults and adults of the B. tabaci, respectively. And the enzyme activity of the two kinds of whiteflies was significantly higher than that of the male. The optimum pH of alkaline phosphatase from the 2nd instar nymphs to the adult 2nd instar larvae were both 7.8 and the optimum temperature was 47 ℃. However, none of the 1st instar nymphs could detect this enzyme activity. The results of measuring and comparing the kinetic parameters of alkaline phosphatase in two kinds of whiteflies showed that the affinity of alkaline phosphatase in 3rd and 4th instar nymphs and the enzyme concentration Were significantly larger than that of B. tabaci B-biotype. However, there was no difference between the two species of B. tabaci in the adult stage, but the activation energy of B. tabaci B-biotype was significantly less than that of B. tabaci. Based on this, it was speculated that B-type B. tabaci using alkaline phosphatase in the nymphal stage of tissue ossification and growth and development than the whitefly Greenhouse whitefly, but the emergence of adults to use their detoxification metabolism may be stronger than the greenhouse whitefly.