新闻事业与政治、经济、文化等重要社会领域存在着作用与反作用的互动关系。学者们从不同角度审视上述关系 ,进而将目光聚焦在某一关系层面上 ,并以此建立自己的理论观点甚至思想体系 ,这就是研究视域。研究视域影响着新闻学研究的方向、内容、话语体系乃至某些理论观点的争论及工作原则和方法的冲突。本文着重探讨了新闻学发展史上四种不同的研究视域 :政治视域、经济视域、文化视域、专业视域 Journalism and politics, economy, culture and other important social areas exist interaction and reaction. Scholars look at these relationships from different angles and then focus their attention on a certain relational level, and thus establish their own theoretical points of view and even ideological system, which is the research perspective. Research perspective affects the direction of journalism research, content, discourse system and some theoretical arguments and conflicts of working principles and methods. This article focuses on four different research perspectives in the history of journalism: political sight, economic sight, cultural sight, professional sight