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目的探讨蒙古族和汉族围绝经期女性生活质量及社会支持水平的差异。方法以通辽市蒙古族和汉族围绝经期女性为研究对象,其中蒙古族270名、汉族259名,采用生活质量调查表(SF-36)、社会支持量表(SSRS)对其进行问卷调查。结果汉族和蒙古族围绝经期女性生活质量状况在总体健康、生命活力、精神健康3个维度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。汉族和蒙古族围绝经期女性社会支持比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多元逐步回归分析显示,社会支持总分、文化程度、合并慢性病、停经、家庭人均月收入、每日累计锻炼时间是汉族围绝经期女性生活质量的主要影响因素。社会支持、职业、文化程度、娱乐爱好、照顾子女、停经、家庭人均月收入是蒙古族围绝经期女性生活质量的主要影响因素。结论汉族和蒙古族围绝经期女性生活质量状况存在差异,均处于中等水平;汉族和蒙古族围绝经期女性的社会支持均处于中等水平。围绝经期女性可通过丰富业余生活、培养兴趣爱好、规律运动、建立健康生活方式等措施改善围绝经期的生活质量。
Objective To explore the differences in the quality of life and social support among Mongolian and Han Chinese women in the perimenopausal period. Methods Mongolian and Han Chinese perimenopausal women in Tongliao City were selected as the research object. Among them, 270 Mongolian and 259 Han were surveyed by using the questionnaire of quality of life (SF-36) and social support scale (SSRS). Results The quality of life of perimenopausal women in Han and Mongolian groups was significantly different from that in overall health, vitality and mental health (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in social support between Han and Mongolian women in perimenopausal women (P> 0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that social support scores, educational level, chronic diseases, menopause, per capita monthly household income, and daily cumulative exercise time were the main influencing factors for the quality of life of the Chinese menopausal women. Social support, occupation, educational level, entertainment, caring for children, menopause, per capita monthly household income are the main influencing factors for Mongolian perimenopausal women’s quality of life. Conclusion There are differences in the quality of life between the Han and Mongolian women in the perimenopausal period, all at a moderate level. The social support of Han and Mongolian women in the perimenopausal period are at a moderate level. Perimenopausal women can improve their quality of life during menopause by enriching their spare time, cultivating their hobbies, regular exercise, and establishing healthy lifestyles.