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目的了解居住环境及室内空气污染与肺癌发病的关系。方法采用病例对照研究方法对2006年1月-2014年12月在福建医科大学附属第一医院、附属协和医院、南京军区福州总医院经病理确诊的1 374例新发肺癌患者和同期到医院非肿瘤科室访视的按性别、年龄(±2岁)频数匹配的1374名健康对照人群进行问卷调查。结果病例组肺癌患者居住地附近企业污染类型为废气污染、废水污染、粉尘污染、多种污染、其他污染、家庭被动吸烟、10年前烹调燃料为煤烟型、近10年烹调燃料为煤烟型、室内烹调油烟量很少、有些、很多、厨房与卧室不分开、居室通风情况一般、差的比例分别为10.20%、3.2%、2.2%、2.6%、1.5%、46.5%、40.2%、11.6%、54.7%、23.8%、4.5%、2.9%、18.5%、3.3%,均高于对照组健康人群的4.2%、0.9%、0.5%、0.7%、0.6%、25.7%、22.9%、5.2%、48.3%、18.7%、1.7%、1.5%、9.0%、1.2%(均P<0.05);病例组肺癌患者使用排风扇或抽油烟机、炒菜时油温中等热、住宅类型为楼房的比例分别为58.8%,63.3%、67.6%,均低于对照组健康人群的75.3%、70.2%、86.8%(均P<0.05);在调整性别、年龄、民族、文化程度、婚姻状况、体质指数、吸烟情况、职业危险因素暴露史、肿瘤家族史、肺部疾病史等混杂因素后,多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,居住地附近企业污染类型为废气、废水、粉尘和多种污染、家庭被动吸烟、10年前烹调燃料为煤烟型、室内烹调有油烟和居室通风不良是肺癌发病的危险因素,炒菜时油温中等热和住宅类型为楼房是肺癌发病的保护因素。结论居住环境及室内空气污染可增加肺癌的发病风险。
Objective To understand the relationship between living environment and indoor air pollution and the incidence of lung cancer. Methods A case-control study was performed on 1 374 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients with pathologically confirmed lung cancer at the First Affiliated Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Affiliated Union Hospital, and Nanjing Military Region from January 2006 to December 2014, A total of 1374 healthy control subjects matched by frequency and age (± 2 years old) interviewed oncology department were surveyed. Results In the case group, the type of pollution in the vicinity of the residence of patients with lung cancer was exhaust gas pollution, waste water pollution, dust pollution, various pollution, other pollution and passive smoking in the family. The cooking fuel was soot 10 years ago and the cooking fuel was soot Type, indoor cooking oil smoke is small, some, many, kitchen and bedroom are not separated, room ventilation in general, the poor were 10.20%, 3.2%, 2.2%, 2.6%, 1.5%, 46.5%, 40.2% 11.6%, 54.7%, 23.8%, 4.5%, 2.9%, 18.5% and 3.3% respectively, which were all higher than 4.2%, 0.9%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 0.6%, 25.7% and 22.9% 5.2%, 48.3%, 18.7%, 1.7%, 1.5%, 9.0% and 1.2% respectively (all P <0.05). In the case group, patients with lung cancer used exhaust fans or range hoods, The proportions were 58.8%, 63.3% and 67.6%, respectively, which were all lower than 75.3%, 70.2% and 86.8% in the healthy population of the control group (all P <0.05) Index, smoking, exposure history of occupational risk factors, family history of cancer, history of lung disease and other confounders, the multi-factor non-condition Logistic regression analysis showed that the pollution types of enterprises in the vicinity of residence were exhaust gas, waste water, dust and various kinds of pollution, passive smoking in the family, the cooking fuel was soot 10 years ago, indoor cooking fumes and poor ventilation in room were the risk of lung cancer Factors, when cooking medium oil temperature and residential type of housing is a protective factor in the incidence of lung cancer. Conclusion Living environment and indoor air pollution may increase the risk of lung cancer.