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目的 观察肺炎支原体肺炎（MPP）患儿支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中人β防御素3（hβD‐3）蛋白水平并比较治疗前后MPP患儿BALF中hβD‐3蛋白水平变化，探讨hβD‐3在防御肺炎支原体感染中的作用。方法 用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）测定比较 MPP患儿、非 MPP患儿以及对照组BALF中hβD‐3蛋白含量；比较MPP患儿治疗前和治疗7～14 d后BALF hβD‐3蛋白水平变化。结果 hβD‐3在MPP患者 BALF中蛋白水平较对照组低，经过治疗hβD‐3蛋白水平回升。结论 hβD‐3蛋白水平的降低与上皮细胞损伤程度有关，可能参与M PP免疫损伤机制。“,”Objective] To observe the level of human beta‐defensin‐3(hβD‐3) protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) of patients with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP) ,and to compare the change of hβD‐3 protein level in MPP patients before and after therapy ,and to explore the role of hβD‐3 in defending MPP infection .[Methods] ELISA was used to detect and compare the protein level of hβD‐3 in BALF of MPP patients ,non‐MPP patients and controls .The changes of hβD‐3 protein level in BALF of MMP patients before and after 7‐14 days of treatment therapy were compared .[Results]The protein level of hβD‐3 in BALF of MPP patients is lower than that of control group ,but upraised after treatment .[Conclusion]The decreasing of hβD‐3 is associated with epithelial cell damage ,which may participate in immune system damage of MPP .