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为了研究西部矿区浅埋煤层开采造成的地裂缝灾害,以神东矿区为研究基地,对大柳塔矿22201,52304工作面开采的地裂缝进行了持续动态监测,研究了采动地裂缝的动态发育规律,建立了采动地裂缝发育深度和宽度、落差之间的定量函数关系模型,在此基础上,提出了采动过程中的临时性地裂缝治理标准和依据。研究表明:随着工作面的推进,采动过程中的临时性裂缝呈现“增大-减小-闭合”的动态规律;地裂缝发育深度与宽度之间存在线性增大的正比例关系,深度与落差之间存在对数关系;为保证安全生产,当“由上到下”扩展的地裂缝与“自下而上”发育的导水裂隙带贯通时,临时性裂缝需要治理,治理标准为导水裂隙带高度与地裂缝深度之和大于煤层埋深,治理依据为裂缝最大安全宽度或最大安全落差。
In order to study the ground fissure disaster caused by the mining of shallow coal seam in western mining area, the ground fissure mining of 22201 and 52304 working face in Daliuta Mine was continuously monitored and the dynamic development of ground fissure was studied. The model of quantitative function relationship between the depth and width of ground fissure mining and the drop gap was set up. On this basis, the criterion and basis of temporary ground fissure management during mining were put forward. The research shows that with the advancement of working face, the temporary cracks in mining process show the dynamic law of “increasing-decreasing-closing”; there is a linear proportional increase in the depth and width of ground fissures, There is a logarithmic relationship between the depth and the drop; in order to ensure safe production, when the “top-down” ground fissure and the “bottom-up” development of the water-conducting fissure zone through, the temporary cracks need The standard of treatment and management is that the sum of the height of the water-conducting fracture zone and the depth of the ground fissure is greater than the depth of the coal seam, and the treatment is based on the maximum safety width or the maximum safety margin of the crack.